A groundbreaking nationwide study has revealed that where you live in the U.S. may play a role in your risk of developing dementia. The research followed over 1.2 million older veterans and showed significant regional variations in dementia incidence.
📊 Regional Differences in Dementia Risk
The study, published in JAMA Neurology, examined dementia diagnoses among U.S. veterans aged 65 and older across 10 geographic regions over 12.6 years. The results were striking:
- Mid-Atlantic (e.g. NJ, PA, MD): Lowest rate (11.2 per 1,000 person-years)
- Southeast (e.g. AL, TN, MS): Highest rate (14.0 per 1,000 person-years)
- Northwest & Rocky Mountains: About 23% higher than national average
- South & Midwest: 12–18% higher than average
Even after adjusting for factors like age, race, education, rural status, and cardiovascular conditions, the Southeast still showed a 25% higher dementia rate compared to the Mid-Atlantic.
🌍 Why Do These Differences Exist?
Experts believe that beyond healthcare access, a combination of environmental, social, and lifestyle factors may be contributing to the disparity:
- Air quality and pollution exposure
- Social isolation, especially in rural areas
- Diet and physical activity habits
- Socioeconomic factors and education levels
- Availability of green space and mental health support
💬 Expert Opinions on Dementia Risk Variations
Dr. Logan DuBose, co-founder of Olera, noted, “The Southeast’s elevated risk remains even after considering cardiovascular health. This suggests environmental and social factors may strongly influence dementia outcomes.”
He added that veterans may face unique exposures and circumstances that also contribute to risk — such as military service region and access to VA healthcare systems.
🛡️ How You Can Reduce Your Risk
Fortunately, there are steps individuals can take to reduce their dementia risk, regardless of geographic location. Dr. Raj Dasgupta emphasized:
- Maintain a heart-healthy diet (e.g., Mediterranean-style)
- Exercise regularly
- Engage in social and mental stimulation
- Prioritize sleep and stress management
- Monitor and treat conditions like diabetes and hypertension
“What’s good for the heart is good for the brain,” Dasgupta said. Small, consistent efforts matter.
🔎 What This Means for Public Health
This study offers valuable insights for policymakers and health professionals. By identifying high-risk regions, such as the Southeast and parts of the Northwest, health resources can be directed more effectively for early screening, prevention, and care strategies.
Understanding regional differences in dementia risk is essential for creating a healthier, more equitable future for aging Americans.
